In Australia, Primary Education, is still considered the first
formal period of education as part of mandatory school attendance for children. Primary education is often broken
into Infants and Primary sectors, commonly occurring at the end of Year 2.
Primary schools in Australia are equivalent to Elementary schools in a number of
other countries [e.g. US and Canada].
Today, there is a movement toward Middle Schools, covering Years 5-8. If this
becomes more common, it will impact on the structure of Primary schools.
Many children proceed to Primary Education from Preschools or Day Care Centres. This is an increasing trend. It applies
whether state run or private, and irrespective of full or part-time attendance.
In some areas, preschools are run as part of the state system [e.g. South Australia & New South
Wales].
Prior to formal primary education, there is primary education by parents and quite often
involvement in some form of Preschooling.
For a general overview of education in Australia, including primary education,
go to The Australian Education System from Australian
Education International. Downloadable .pdf format.
The following may be of help in making decisions, or in preparation :
Back to School Coping at
the end of holidays and going back to formal learning.
First Day of School, The
Advice for children and parents facing the first day of formal schooling.
British Medical Journal Report
on Child Psychiatric Disorder and Relative Age Within School Year : Cross Sectional Survey of Large
Population Sample'. For those with children who are young for a school year or when starting school, this
study is worth considering. Available as .pdf or full text downloads.
Starting
School While relating specifically to South Australian schools, general information would still apply in other areas.
Parents Views of Composite
Classes [In an Australian Primary School] A study of Parents of children in a large primary school in New South
Wales [who] were asked questions related to their attitudes towards and beliefs about composite [multigrade] classes. A
full-text, downloadable .pdf document is available, as well as the abstract on the site.
Family Groups are groups of children from across the whole primary school. There are often social
benefits for All students involved in such groups;
Streamed Classes are created by grouping students in the same cohort on their
educational capacity;
Parallel Classes allow common groups from the same cohort of students.
Special Groups - include :
Opportunity C Classes [New South Wales] - children grouped based on high intellectual capacity.
Classes for children with disabilities, e.g. Hearing, Vision, Behaviour,
Progress
In normal circumstances, children will progress from school year to school year, on an annual basis;
In some instances Repetition may be considered in the best interests of the
child. Repetition involves taking the same grade level a second time. If suggested, these criteria must be considered
:
it should occur in the Earlier Years of school, though not recommended for the first
formal year of school. In most instances, in the later years, it is of dubious quality at best;
it Must be discussed with you, as parents, over a period before repetition becomes
the chosen option;
you must be aware of what has been done to negate the need for this;
Evidence needs to be provided as to why it is considered, anticipated Benefits and what Alternatives have been considered;
No Child should face repetition more than once;
Note : with increasing options available to assist children maximise
progress, repetition is becoming a less valued/valuable option.
Progression to High School will be an accepted process unless there are extreme circumstances.
In all states this is a set Procedure which your school will detail for you.
The Normal Age for students progressing to high school falls roughly between 11.75
and 12.75 years, though this can vary upward slightly.
There are some restrictions on the Lower Age Limit which need to be checked if your
child falls into this category.
See the Important Examinations page for details relating
to special placement tests in New South Wales and Western Australia.
Teachers
In most instances, your child will have One teacher for their everyday education;
In some circumstances they may be in a Team Teaching group. Two or more teachers
may teach different curriculum areas. There are obvious benefits from the use of specific expertise.
In addition they may experience these specialists, based on school staffing & organisation :
librarian;
computing teacher;
English as a Second Language teacher;
music/choir teacher;
foreign language teacher;
sport/physical education teacher;
art/craft teacher;
Reading Recovery teacher;
Itinerant teacher [various specialities];
Relief from Face to Face teacher who takes normal lessons [some states]
Some specialists may be from outside the school, bringing specific expertise. Others may be different
classroom teachers, but have specific expertise.
Curriculum
For specific curriculum information, check details from the Curriculum &
Syllabi page.