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In 1831 Major Thomas (later Lt. Col.
Sir Thomas) Mitchell, Surveyor-General of New South Wales, discovered the lower courses of
the Peel (Namoi), Gwydir, and Dumaresq Rivers and identified the Upper Darling. In 1833 he
explored the area between the Bogan and Macquarie Rivers and in 1835 traced the Darling
300 miles down from Bourke. In 1836, following the course of the Lachlan, he reached the
Murrumbidgee, the Murray, and the junction of the Murray with the Darling. Returning up
the Murray, he turned south and discovered the Avoca and Glenelg Rivers and reached the
coast near Cape Northumberland. In 1845, with Edmund Kennedy as his second in command, he
discovered the Warrego, Belyando, and Barcoo Rivers. His mission was to find a river
running into the Gulf of Carpentaria, and, although he was unsuccessful, his exploration
led to the opening up of the rich pastoral areas of Central Queensland.

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